Command Description
adduser Add
a new user
arch Print machine architecture
awk Find
and Replace text within file(s)
bc An
arbitrary precision calculator language
cal Display
a calendar
cat Concatenate
files and print on the standard output
chdir Change
working directory
chgrp Change
the group ownership of files
chkconfig Tool
for maintaining the /etc/rc[0-6].d directory hierarchy
chmod Change
the access permissions of files and directories
chown Change
the user and group ownership of files
chroot Change
root directory
cksum Print
CRC checksum and byte counts
clear Clear
terminal screen
cmp Compare
two files
comm Compare
two sorted files line by line
cp Copy
one or more files to another location
cron Daemon
to execute scheduled commands
crontab Schedule
a command to run at a later time
csplit Split
a file into context-determined pieces
cut Divide
a file into several parts
date Display
or change the date & time
dc Desk
Calculator
dd Data
Dump - Convert and copy a file
df Display
free disk space
diff Display
the differences between two files
diff3 Show
differences among three files
dir Briefly
list directory contents
dircolors Colour
setup for `ls'
dirname Convert
a full pathname to just a path
du Estimate
file space usage
echo Display
message on screen
ed A
line-oriented text editor (edlin)
egrep Search
file(s) for lines that match an extended expression
eject Eject
CD-ROM
env Display,
set, or remove environment variables
expand Convert
tabs to spaces
expr Evaluate
expressions
factor Print
prime factors
false Do
nothing, unsuccessfully
fdformat Low-level
format a floppy disk
fdisk Partition
table manipulator for Linux
fgrep Search
file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
find Search
for files that meet a desired criteria
fmt Reformat
paragraph text
fold Wrap
text to fit a specified width
format Format
disks or tapes
free Display
memory usage
fsck Filesystem
consistency check and repair
gawk Find
and Replace text within file(s)
grep Search
file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
groups Print
group names a user is in
gzip Compress
or decompress named file(s)
head Output
the first part of file(s)
hostname Print
or set system name
id Print
user and group id's
info Help
info
install Copy
files and set attributes
join Join
lines on a common field
kill Stop
a process from running
less Display
output one screen at a time
ln Make
links between files
locate Find
files
logname Print
current login name
lpc Line
printer control program
lpr Off
line print
lprm Remove
jobs from the print queue
ls List
information about file(s)
man Help
manual
mkdir Create
new folder(s)
mkfifo Make
FIFOs (named pipes)
mknod Make
block or character special files
more Display
output one screen at a time
mount Mount
a file system
mv Move
or rename files or directories
nice Set
the priority of a command or job
nl Number
lines and write files
nohup Run
a command immune to hangups
passwd Modify
a user password
paste Merge
lines of files
pathchk Check
file name portability
pr Convert
text files for printing
printcap Printer
capability database
printenv Print
environment variables
printf Format
and print data
ps Process
status
pwd Print
Working Directory
quota Display
disk usage and limits
quotacheck Scan a
file system for disk usage
quotactl Set
disk quotas
ram ram
disk device
rcp Copy
files between two machines
rm Remove
files
rmdir Remove
folder(s)
rpm Remote
Package Manager
rsync Remote
file copy (Synchronize file trees)
screen Terminal
window manager
sdiff Merge
two files interactively
sed Stream
Editor
select Accept
keyboard input
seq Print
numeric sequences
shutdown Shutdown
or restart linux
sleep Delay
for a specified time
sort Sort
text files
split Split
a file into fixed-size pieces
su Substitute
user identity
sum Print
a checksum for a file
symlink Make
a new name for a file
sync Synchronize
data on disk with memory
tac Concatenate
and write files in reverse
tail Output
the last part of files
tar Tape
Archiver
tee Redirect
output to multiple files
test Evaluate
a conditional expression
time Measure
Program Resource Use
touch Change
file timestamps
top List
processes running on the system
traceroute Trace
Route to Host
tr Translate,
squeeze, and/or delete characters
true Do
nothing, successfully
tsort Topological
sort
tty Print
filename of terminal on stdin
umount Unmount
a device
uname Print
system information
unexpand Convert
spaces to tabs
uniq Uniquify
files
units Convert
units from one scale to another
unshar Unpack
shell archive scripts
useradd Create
new user account
usermod Modify
user account
users List
users currently logged in
uuencode Encode
a binary file
uudecode Decode
a file created by uuencode
vdir Verbosely
list directory contents (`ls -l -b')
watch Execute/display
a program periodically
wc Print
byte, word, and line counts
whereis Report
all known instances of a command
which Locate
a program file in the user's path
who Print
all usernames currently logged in
whoami Print
the current user id and name (`id -un')
xargs Execute
utility, passing constructed argument list(s)
yes Print
a string until interrupted
very nice
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